Does everybody know the co-CO of Salesforce, Brett Taylor?
Please give him a hand right here.
Very exciting, welcome Brett.
Thank you all for coming.
It is amazing to see everybody in person again.
I think I could speak on behalf of everyone at Davos
that we should do this in May every year.
And you know, I love coming back to this town,
but it's been been especially nice and beautiful in May.
And I do miss the snow just a little bit.
You know, you kind of feel like you're having to work
to get to the conference, you know?
Yeah, you slip down a few paths.
You slip, you break your-
The lines to take off your coat in every single building.
Right, we don't have any of those lines anymore.
I know, I feel like this social moment's
But you like May, May and Davos.
I love May, I went for a hike.
Yeah, are you ready to break into the sound of music now?
The Hills are alive right now.
All right, would you go ahead?
I think this is a good time to segue
to Secretary Kerry, actually.
You're thinking, all right,
is everyone happy to be here
in Davos and enjoying themselves?
Okay, well we're happy that everyone is happy
and Brett and I are so thrilled to be here together
as the co-COs of Salesforce.
And we have a very special person
who we've asked to provide some opening remarks,
who we have been traveling the world with,
and now we're in Davos together.
And we're so fortunate to have an incredible person.
You know, we met him and known him for many years.
Of course, he was one of our most important US senators
our most important US secretary of state ever.
Thank you for your tremendous leadership.
Today, he is our special envoy for the environment
and we're very lucky to have him guiding us
and leading us into a net zero world.
He's here working on creating an incredible
new first mover coalition,
which is getting companies like ours, and hopefully soon,
everyone in this room to pre-buy the capabilities necessary
so that we can all go net zero as fast as possible.
please let me introduce you to our good friend, John Kerry.
Whatever you want to do, a little song,
a little dance, the rest.
Anything you want John, you're good at this.
Just give you a little, there you go, that's what I need.
He said we're traveling the world together.
I fly differently than he does.
But no one else has offset emissions by 80 billion trees.
You're amazing, honestly, everybody really.
And a great, great sometime resident of Massachusetts,
I love him dearly, Yo-Yo Ma over here.
It's terrific, thank you.
Folks, I'm going to try to speak in a way
which means I'm going to be brief,
but let me just say to all of you that first of all,
because I know how much you are committed to
and are working at this endeavor.
And I don't need to spend a lot of time trying
to boost your sense of urgency 'cause I know you know it,
but I will say to you that
in all the years I've been involved in this,
I had the privilege of unfortunately being there
at the beginning when Jim Hanson first testified to us
in 1988 and then in Rio, and you know,
Kyoto, and beyond, and beyond, through Paris to Glasgow.
I have never felt more sort of
as if we're on the cusp of getting where we need to get,
but still so far away from where that is.
So this is really the most critical moment.
And the thing that I think too many people are forgetting
is that no matter what best efforts we're making,
we have to deploy renewables
about six times faster than we are now,
we have to cut coal five times faster than we are,
we have to deploy electric vehicles
about 22 times faster than we are now.
and I think you shared this with me,
I know we are going to get
to a low-carbon no-carbon economy.
We're going to get there.
But the real question is what is the planet going to look like
And will we get there having heeded the warning
of the IPC scientist that four years ago,
they said you have 12 years to make the key decisions
and implement them in order to get the job done.
We lost four years, not completely,
but certainly in my country, it hurt.
And I won't go into it, I'm not going to go there,
but we all know how it hurt.
The problem is now we have eight years.
And the reason that is so relevant is that
if we don't do enough between 2020, and 2030,
you can't get to net zero by 2050,
it's a straight line down like this, you'd have to decline,
and nobody that I've talked to thinks
that is physically possible.
Therefore, this is the decade, not 2050, now.
Now what I know is that because of what we were able
to accomplish in Glasgow,
65% of the global GDP left Glasgow committed
to real plans that if implemented,
will keep the Earth's temperature at 1.5 degrees,
and Fatih Birol and the IEA have reminded us
if you do everything you promised to do in Glasgow,
the world would be at 1.8 degrees come 2050.
Now I'm not suggesting that's what we send for, we don't,
we're still going for, and we can get to 1.5,
but we have to bring the other 35% of global GDP on board.
And that means China and India and Russia and Brazil
and you know the countries.
Now we have to help them, particularly some of them
that don't have as much wealth have not developed to a point
where they're able to not only purchase,
but deploy some of the technology we need here.
What excites me enormously is what Mark Benioff
just joined us doing together with Bill Gates,
with Ruth Porat of Google, and Brad Smith from Microsoft,
and the finance minister of Sweden.
And we all announced a few minutes ago,
the add on to the First Mover Coalition,
which now has 55 countries and/or companies all committed
to buying green now to sending a message,
to the marketplace now, to being the leaders,
the first movers to open up the market for green steel,
for green cement, for ships that are carbon free,
Maersk has committed the next set eight ships they build,
carbon free, Volvo, the 10% of the steel that they buy
is going to be green steel,
Ford motor company has now joined that, FedEx has signed on,
we have 50% of global GDP committed to moving more rapidly
to deploy the technology that we need.
And when it comes to the technology we need,
we have a whole bunch of it,
about 50% of the technology that we need
has to be brought to scale.
That's the race of this decade.
And Bill Gates actually said at this press conference
that he was surprised by the speed
with which certain things are beginning to happen,
that people are buying these green ships,
you're going to have green steel plants growing up
So I hope all of you will leave here reinvigorated
with a mission that it's this decade.
80% of the world's emissions come from 20 countries,
20 countries, just think of that.
65% of those 20 countries have a plan to hit 1.5.
So here we have this group,
we've got to work with these countries,
we've got to work to deploy the trillions of dollars,
create the bankable projects, bring the money to the table,
help with the technology, and we can win this battle.
And I hope you'll leave here convinced of that
and ready to make it happen.
All right, well, this is why we are grateful to John Kerry
for his leadership and his vision in FMC
as well as David and Broome and your entire team.
And also, David, I know what the Dave was around.
Thank you for what you're doing.
How about a hand for John?
I mean, that was awesome.
All I lost my co-CO somehow.
I need you.
You can't do this
I can't handle it by myself.
That's why I need a co-CO,
'cause I get too excited.
Salesforce now has 75,000 employees,
we're the third largest software company in the world.
When will we be the second largest?
Pretty soon, perhaps this year, Mark.
All right, let's keep working hard.
But I think that Brett and I,
we get inspired when we hear someone like John
and we want a new environmental capitalism.
I think that in our company,
number one for us is net zero.
We're net zero today, is that right?
And actually being here, Mark,
that's so inspiring is just all the ecopreneurs.
I mean, as Secretary Kerry said,
a huge part of this technology and scaling that technology
and I would say it's a relatively pessimistic Davos
compared to the other ones I've been to.
But the one area where I have a ton of optimism
is in all the amazing ecopreneurs
creating technologies to sequester carbon,
to reduce emissions, it's hard not to come away optimistic
after being at this place.
Well, it's an ecopreneur revolution.
And I think with FMC, and I think we gave them $100 million
in investments so that we can kind of accelerate
past net zero and go to the next level,
and it goes to really pre-buy
so many of those key energy resources.
Well, as Secretary Kerry said,
it's about creating a market.
You know, we need to make it more cost effective
And it's going to require first movers
and we're so grateful for your leadership.
Now the last time we were here in 2020,
we announced the Trillion Trees, 1t.org.
I think a lot of people didn't really understand
what we were talking about, but the Trillion Tree program,
the idea that we were going to build a machine,
a natural machine, that was going to go out
and sequester 200 gigatons of carbon
and we were going to build it tree, by tree, by tree.
And we even got, since then,
we got 65 of our friends, COs in the US
who committed to 35 billion trees, which was awesome.
John got President Biden to put the Replant Act
into the infrastructure bill, which passed.
And we got $8 billion for reforestation just in the US
and yesterday, President Chaya,
on our panel that we had talking about these very issues,
committed to joining 1t.org, 1 trillion trees,
which was a surprise for me on the panel.
And then he gave us 70 billion trees.
That was very exciting, so.
Yeah, and the thing that's exciting about that
you can start to see that's like 14, 15, 16, 17 gigatons
just right there in sequestration capability.
China represents 25% of all the trees on the planet.
So if we get China to commit
and I made a joke which I probably shouldn't
have made on the panel, but I said,
25% of a trillion is 250 billion, not 70 billion,
but I'm very grateful to China for taking that step.
And then I think what we see here is,
and we were here two years ago, we launched Uplink,
which we built with Deloitte.
And now there's 35,000 ecopreneurs on this network,
we didn't even know they were out there,
now they're collaborating, they're sharing,
they're innovating, it's amazing.
And it's an ecopreneur revolution, just like you said.
I mean, it's everything from natural mechanisms
to sequester carbon, more efficient mechanisms
to power everything from cars to buildings.
I mean, it's just remarkable.
And so many of them are represented in this room right now.
Well, I'm really excited and we're going to have now a panel
and talk about this a little bit,
but start to think about our visions for the future.
And what would you like to see happen on the panel?
If you had a dream of, you know,
we have some extraordinary people who are going to sit up here,
so why don't you tell me, what do you think?
Well, Mark, I was going to say,
What do you say
there's a lot going on in the world right now.
And I think we could all use a dose of,
I would say, realistic optimism.
And I think coming away with some actions
of what everyone in this room can do,
like the First Mover Coalition, that would be great.
All right, Brett, you're going to sit in for President Duque.
Please welcome President Duque of Columbia.
All right, so now we're going to introduce some of our friends
and we're going to start our panel and please welcome them.
And we have just so many exciting folks here with us,
but I like to just introduce you...
Thank you very much for coming.
Okay, President Duque, you don't get to sit down and eat.
John Kerry already ate your food.
So there's nothing for you to do actually.
You know, that's how it goes in this world.
Anyway, I'll just start out with,
I have a couple of mentors on the panel,
I've got some friends of mine on the panel.
We have just some very exciting things happening
on the panel and what we're going to do.
So do we have everybody here now who's on the panel?
There's five chairs, who's the fifth one?
Usually they don't give me a chair.
I'm going to rest, I'm getting older, so that's the point.
Anyway, we have four exceptional people
with four completely unique perspectives.
And I think that the one person
who's been on every single panel we've ever done,
we'll start with, is a close friend of mine, amazing person,
a tremendous entrepreneur, an innovator,
somebody incredibly creative,
somebody who's probably worked in every industry now
who looks across all industries
and is able to look in the future
and kind of bring the light up into it.
And I'm very excited, so please welcome to the panel,
And we have somebody who's guiding us,
our whole world, into the future.
Somebody who I met as a trustee
of the World Economic Forum,
somebody who has been an incredible leader.
And I would say that in COVID
she was able to speak truth to power,
she has led us not only into the green revolution,
but I think into many new revolutions,
she's also an expert in what's going on right now
in terrible conflict that we have.
But please welcome Kristalina as our good friend,
the head of the IMF.
(audience claps)
We have Kristalina who's wonderful
and then we have one of my...
When I have real problems, this is who I call,
Yo-Yo Ma, he is incredible mentor for me,
he's been getting a lot of phone calls this year.
I get lost, I don't know am I going right?
Am I going straight ahead?
I just hit 1-800-YOYOMA and it's amazing.
And I don't know how he does it actually,
but he's not only a visionary, a global thinker,
I also have the opportunity to meet him
as a WEF trustee as well.
And of course we all know he's probably
one of the world's greatest,
if not the world's greatest, musicians,
especially in regards to the classical arts.
And he's also on the cover of Time Magazine this week.
How many of you seen the Davos issue so far?
But we have copies for everybody.
And please welcome Yo-Yo Ma.
And finally, we're going to have an incredible perspective.
When we started Trillion Trees just two years ago,
we had an amazing country president put up his hand
and say, "My country will put in 180 million trees.
And by the time you see me next time, they'll be planted.
We're going to make sure that we're an example
throughout of all of Latin America,
what is possible, how to innovate, how to hold high values."
And we've been very fortunate to have the tremendous vision
and the leadership and the expertise of President Duque.
So thank you for being here.
Thank you.
(audience claps)
So we have a fabulous viewpoint.
And what I'm excited about is we get to have a conversation
that maybe we would be normally just having in private,
but now we can have a conversation with all of you
and let's see why don't we take 20 or 30 minutes
and just talk about how things are going in the world.
Obviously, we're here at Davos.
I think that itself is kind of a surreal thought
Some of us have been in this dome before.
Usually Will.i.am sits here in this seat,
I don't know why he decided to sit there,
So that's really interesting.
So that's a change, which that means something is happening
and we're going to find out what that is.
But here we are, we're back here.
And what I'd love to do is I'd love to say, you know,
love to take kind of a short and long term view,
but just initially, what's your short term look
into the future over the next one year,
two years, three years, no more than five years?
And where are we going in the short term?
And then I'm going to come back to you
and we're going to look at 5 years, 10, 15, 20 years out.
I think that that's the best part of this group of people.
The reason that why we assemble this group
is they have had a knack and if you go back
and watch the videos from these panels over the last,
I have a wind machine behind me,
so it's the air, I'm going to move it in a second,
but the idea that it's kind of pleasant,
but it's going to have to shift,
the idea that things have changed
since we were here two and a half years ago, huh?
A lot has happened and a lot is happening right now.
So let's talk about that and Yo-Yo,
do you want to start out and tell us where are we now
and what do you see happening in the short term?
And you're traveling the world,
you've been to so many places,
you've spoken to so many people.
Can you give us your vision?
Take a few minutes and talk about that.
Well, really it's my pleasure, so.
Well, let me start with some of the discussions
that we've been having at the board level of Davos.
Now, a lot of you who have children may tell you,
And we took on that issue with a number of people
I think Mark was one of the people we talked about values.
We talked about values with Fabiola Gianotti,
she's the head of CERN, she's a particle physicist.
At some point we talked with Jim Snabe,
who's the chair of Maersk and Siemens,
and Rafael Reif, who's the head of MIT,
and Rafael said to us at one of our board meetings,
"You know, I run a campus and everybody on campus is angry.
You should know that because in 20 years,
they're going to run the world."
Now, in our discussions, in our Zooms,
we focused a lot of on young people.
And you can see from what Brent and Mark have said,
there're now there are now over 35,000 ecopreneurs.
And at that time, we had something like 10,000
or a little bit over 10,000 young, global shapers
between 20 and 30, we focused a lot on Gen Zs.
Yes, Gen Zs are not lazy,
they just want to do things that are meaningful
and that's something we can discuss.
But the values part was one of the things we focused on
and that starts from philosophy and action.
To your point, Mark, I think Salesforce
has been a great visionary institution
in that you actually practice what you preach.
but it's what you do with women who need abortions in Texas,
what you do when they're, you know.
You put action where you say the words are,
and that's important in music,
it's important, especially, I think in culture,
which is not about transactions.
Another thing I'd like to point out
is Kristalina said one thing at a board meeting,
which is unusual, you said something very personal.
You said that your grandmother, your mother,
you all hoped for a better future,
but that your daughter may think
maybe might not do as well as her mom and her grandmother.
And that's a situation that all of us face.
So let's make it personal.
I think two words, connection and silos.
This opportunity could be a silo in itself
unless we choose to make the connections,
whether it's intergenerational,
whether it is with our values that we somehow were taught
when we were much younger,
which are the same values
that we will confront before we die.
So when I say culture turns the other into us,
the us part is where culture resides
at the very beginning of life,
and at the very end of life.
We've all lost people during this time
and you know what it's like.
is that while we're in the middle of life,
when you're most active, when you're most busy,
and you are not only concentrated
on being extremely efficient, because you're so busy,
but if you also think about what are you going to think
and what you thought of at the very beginning of life,
and you put that meaning and purpose
into the things that Secretary Kerry was talking about,
what we're all going to be discussing, what you all know,
you don't need a lecture from any one of us,
but it's just about putting the very values
that you know you believe in, that your children believe in,
and just making sure that every day in your work,
in your particular efficient, incredible silo,
that you make sure that those values are activated.
Very inspiring Yo-Yo.
(audience claps)
And I want to go to Will, but I can't because I need to...
Two words came to mind when you started to speak about this.
And I think it, it would be a mistake
for me to move on too quickly,
which is just tell me what about the youth of the world?
Are those two things that resonate with you?
Are those two words that are coming through you?
Absolutely, I think first of all,
I'm a grandfather and when you're a grandfather
and you see your grandchildren,
you can't not have hope because every day,
and you can't say the world is shot, right?
So that's something goes on beyond us.
But in terms of hope, realistic hope
as Brett was talking about,
It's coping with things when things are not so great.
And the next number of years
does not look so great for the world.
but we have the opportunity to connect beyond our silos.
When we do that, we participate in a world
that's larger than ourselves,
whether it's climate change, whether it's nature,
acknowledging for example, that one,
we're all children of the enlightenment,
what we do is a result of the incredible advances
and knowledge that have happened
over the last 300 years, nation building, including that,
however, there's something that happened
before the enlightenment and post enlightenment
that we need to reboot, we need to make it broader,
and we need to include nature
because during the enlightenment,
we were fascinated by nature, but we extracted from it,
and there are two sets of people
that I think we could learn from,
of which the 5% of the world's population,
but they have guardianship
of a little bit over 30% of the land,
so we're talking about 20 nations,
Secretary Kerry talked about 20 nations
that have 80% of the emissions,
but think of 5% of the population
that actually have possible guardianship and habits
of being in harmony with the land
and that population matched
with the other scouts of society,
which include science because scientists
also think we are part of nature.
So you put those two philosophies together
and infuse that into the enlightenment principles
then we can reboot ourselves and go forward.
And that includes all of you business,
visionary business leaders, which Mark claims
is one of the greatest platforms for change.
We can do that and their lies hope.
And thank you for that Yo-Yo.
Connection and silos and youth and hope
and healing our fractured world and taking the values
and remembering that we are part of nature.
And when we look at all of that,
and we think about ourselves
as children of the enlightenment.
And I love what you said and terms of how culture
and connecting us all back to each other.
And I'm going to come back to you on a couple of those points,
but before I do, I'd just like to ask Will.
Will, tell us, where do you think we are right now?
And where are we going over the next couple of years?
I remember coming here in 2020
and the world was the world that we thought the world was.
We never thought the world could ever slow down
We couldn't even fathom pause the world.
But we were here on the mountain,
everyone was doing the things they always do at Davos,
solving problems or the illusion of solving problems,
and then we left the mountain and the world stopped.
And while we were here, we never even talked about pause.
Although China was paused.
That's what happened in 2020, from 2021 to 2020,
And it allowed us to reflect on wellness.
And we don't mind getting swabbed
to make sure that the environments that we go to
and people that we are around don't get sick
and we don't get sick, and that's awesome.
Meanwhile, swabbing of the planet is what?
And if it is, how do we know?
It's not like we could do a thermometer, but we know it is.
They call it global warming,
but the same precautions that we took for us,
we're not taking for the planet.
We get in our cars, if you have a nice one,
you make sure you put unleaded,
the best gas in your car to go from point A to point B,
but the best stuff for the planet we don't do.
We talk on our phones, we Zoom on our computers,
oh, shit, running out of batteries, got to charge it up.
And we make sure our stuff is charged.
We take care of products more than we take care of us
more than we take care of our planet.
And then we talk about the youth.
At the youth, we don't care about the youth
Crazy massacre that just happened in Texas yesterday.
Right when the world opens back up,
America's back at it again, that's sad.
The greatest country in the world allows kids
to be mastered at school.
What does it have to do with the planet?
Well, because we don't take care of the youth
that are going to one day lead the planet,
it's like we don't care about the future,
the future leaders and the future of the environment
that they're going to be leading in.
So we're like hypocritical.
more than we care about future profits.
Talk about people being profits,
rather than people making profit.
There's no mentorship on enlightenment, empathy,
compassion, tolerance, collaboration.
From a youth level, NBA does a great job
mentoring kids in inner cities.
They make sure there's basketball courts
in every single elementary,
junior high school, and high school.
making sure there's football fields in every high school.
My sister's never going to play for the Rams,
but in every high school, there's a football field,
But not self-help in high school,
not like internal perspective in high school.
And that's where I think we are.
And we have smart devices in our pockets
and the data can understand and predict us
down to when we're going to get sick.
but we can't use it to make the world a better place?
I just think we are in a weird place.
And we're going to look back 30 years from now at this moment
and we're going to say, "Damn, them motherfuckers was crazy."
But it's going to take that.
It's going to take something to shake the world up
and hopefully not earthquake in California
'Cause look, it took COVID to shake us up,
to make us look at ourselves and washing our hands.
Motherfuckers wasn't washing their hands?
It took the world to be shooken up
for us to be like carry hand sanitizer and masks and stuff?
Meanwhile ever since 2002,
that's exactly what was happening in Asia.
You would go to Japan and be like,
"Wow, everybody has mask on.
but we didn't empathize for what was going on in Asia.
They handle it much better than the west.
We should have learned from that.
And what is the version of that for the planet?
How do you inspire the youth to care?
The green industry cannot compete
with the brown industry's aspiration driving.
Like we all aspire to have brown stuff.
And how can the green initiative learn from that hypnotism
that the brown industry has on people smoking cigarettes.
People were smoking cigarettes in movies
and from the '50s, '60s, 70s, crazy, crazy stuff.
So there's something about inspiration, education,
and basic entertainment to really push the next generation,
the now generation, to care a little bit more.
But yeah, sorry for rambling.
and you talked about this horrible tragedy
that happened yesterday as well, you talk about youth
and I'm going to come back to that youth in hope, you know?
It's the two words got put in my mind by you
and by Yo-Yo in recent conversations
that we've had, you know?
You work with a lot of youth
and you work to give them a lot of hope
and how do we put that together
if you just do it quickly for us?
I remember being in my ghetto as a kid
and my mom sending me to school two hours,
an hour and a half, from my neighborhood.
And somebody came up with that program,
a magnet program, to send kids
to better neighborhoods to get an education.
I was a recipient of someone's good idea.
And we need more of that.
There are other ideas for this generation for right now
that people need to be daring, be caring,
be fearless, and be driven with love.
We don't do that enough for the youth.
We take advantage of the youth far too much.
We sell to them, we monitor them,
but we don't prepare them enough,
both on a government level, zoning,
how much we invest in the youth's education,
the systems that how much a teacher gets paid
versus how much a prison guard gets paid,
especially in the inner city.
So we need to care a shit ton more for the kids.
Yeah, thank you for that.
All right, well now we're going to go across the Atlantic
and Kristalina, even though you are based,
I think, in Washington DC now,
but you have a global perspective
and you have a global position
and you've probably worked on some of the most important
things that have happened on the planet.
And thank you for everything that you've done for the world,
especially in the last two years
and helping us to keep everything together.
You know, what do you see happening in the short term?
What is your vision for the world?
I know you've thought so much about this
and I'm so happy that you could join us today
and be part of our panel.
Thank you for this incredible space we are in,
for putting me next to a very dear friend
and another one over there,
but above all for putting me next to Will,
because I now have a picture with him
and I will be popular with the person
that is dearest to me, my granddaughter.
I was thinking how to answer this question
and I decided to anchor it in an old joke.
God calls Moses and says,
"Moses, I have two pieces of news for you.
One is good, the other one is bad.
Which one do you want first?"
Moses says, "Well, gimme the good news, God."
God says, "You will be able to raise your hand,
split the sea, and take your people to safety."
Moses says, "Well God, thank you.
After this, there could not be a bad news."
God says, "Ha ha ha, not so fast.
You will have to do an environmental
impact assessment first."
And moral of this is we are actually
at the cusp of finally recognizing
that doing an environmental assessment
Caring for our planet is a must and it is good news,
but we are not quite there yet.
And I want to make two points,
one is more hopeful and the other one is actually the thing
that makes me lose sleep.
is that we now see tremendous transformation,
incredible innovation that changes the way we live,
we work actually for the better, connects us better,
helps us to have green energy, helps us to have hope.
We also see organizations taking that to heart
and working way beyond and above
what is that traditional goal objective matrix.
Take the IMF now, how many of you actually know
what is the International Monetary Fund?
That's the interesting question.
I bet they're more than no, but okay,
that's actually informed audience.
A couple of years ago, the IMF had the lane.
It was called Macroeconomic Financial Stability
and climate change was seen as not belonging to this lane.
Of course, this is wrong.
How can we have macroeconomic and financial stability
if we allow shocks to interfere dramatically
with our economies, our communities, our lives?
Obviously it has to be part of our mandate.
And I actually, I would do it properly,
I stand in front of you today and I can tell you
that the International Monetary Fund
is systemically significant institution
in the fight against climate change.
From not possible to a reality.
We integrate climate in our policy advice,
in our financial sector assessments,
we just created a $40 billion sustainability
And I promise you, we would at least double it
and we would leverage it to make a significant difference
What worries me is this strength towards fragmentation,
this illusion that somehow we can create blocks
and then within these blocks be happy, happy,
How could that be possible in a world
where war in Ukraine means hunger in Africa,
where the virus from Wuhan in a couple of weeks,
the pause button that you talked about,
where when we create emissions in one place,
How could we fragment our world and yet be sure
that our children and grandchildren
have better lives than we had
as we got better lives than our parents
and we owe it to them to deliver the same.
Thank you, Kristalina.
(audience claps)
When we were together in Geneva in August,
I decided you needed to be on this panel
because you gave an impassioned plea,
we were in the pandemic and vaccination,
and you talked about the importance of delivering
for $50 billion, I believe it was,
that we needed to vaccinate the world
and how important it was to you that we came together
as nation states, as companies, to make this funding happen.
Why is that so hard to do?
Why is it so hard for us to come together
to take on these very clear, short term goals
that all of a sudden they will come to you and say,
"Okay, we need to make this funding happen now."
Well, my life experience,
it is difficult for maybe more reasons,
but I have experienced have seen two.
One is short termism in politics.
Nellie's here, we both worked as commissioners,
and we had the commission had Jean-Claude as president.
And he was well known in Europe saying,
"We all know what is the right thing to do,
but we don't know how to get reelected when we do it."
And that short termism is extremely,
and also that sense that at the political level exists,
that you only have duty to your citizens.
So I need to vaccinate my people first.
Okay, but as you are doing that,
couldn't we be also thinking
of vaccinating the rest of the world
because your people would get the next variant
if we don't vaccinate everybody.
So that is one thing, short termism in politics.
And I know that there is somebody very competent
to talk about how we're overcoming.
The second reason of us finding it more difficult sometimes
to come together is because we know our own tribes.
Like I walked in this room
and there are only a few people of you I know,
Where do I feel comfortable?
Finance ministers, center bank governors.
So one big objective is for us
to cut across this kind of recognize
that we are all one very big 7.8 billion tribe.
So Mark, my only advice to you is invite people
Yes, we need to spread out.
I agree, very beautifully said.
we have three really incredible perspectives
And then we're going to jump into the future.
President Duque, you're coming to us from Latin America.
You had an incredible term as president of the country.
Tell us what do you see happening in your country
for the next couple of years?
What do you see happening
in the world in the next couple years?
What do you see happening with yourself
for the next couple of years?
Well, Mark, thank you for inviting me
Kristalina, it's great to see you.
And Master Yo-Yo Ma, it's great to see you again.
And I was thinking, well,
I was talking in this panel that when I need to reflect,
when I need to talk about entrepreneurship
or think about entrepreneurship,
I think about Mark and Will,
and when I need money, I call Kristalina.
But seriously, talking about this wonderful session,
I think there are three topics that are going to be present
for us today and that are going to shape the future.
And one is COVID because it's not over yet.
And we are going to see the aftermath of COVID
and what is this bringing to all of us.
We have climate because this
is the main challenge of our time,
we're really fighting for the survival of the planet.
And the other one is conflict
because we can see something as horrendous
as this genocide that is taking place in Ukraine,
but we also see other types of conflicts
like this horrible situation we saw yesterday
where a crazy guy comes into a school and shot youngsters.
So on those three topics,
when you reflect from a country like Colombia.
So I should say that the perspective that we have
from more than a political point of view
and a human point of view,
sometimes we think that countries of 50 million people
cannot be the solution, but they have to lead the solution.
So when it comes to climate,
we are in a country that only represents 0.6%
of all the world greenhouse gases emissions.
But we are one of the most threatened countries
by the effects of climate change.
And 35% of our land is Amazonian land.
50% of the land is tropical forest.
We have 52% of the world panamas
or high altitude ecosystems.
So for the president and for the future, Mark,
and we went to Glasgow and we said,
we're going to be carbon neutral in 2050,
we're going to get a 51% reduction of our CO2 emissions
in 2030, but we decided to do something faster,
and that is that we are not waiting until 2030
to meet the target of having 30%
of the Colombian territory declared a protected area.
And we are doing this this year before the end of my term,
30% of the Colombian territory
will be declared a protected area.
And this has happened because we have friends
that have contributed to this.
So two years ago, I was talking with Mark,
and Mark launched the 1 Trillion Trees initiative.
And I raised my hand and I was the first president
who said, "I'm following you
and we're going to plant 180 million trees in Colombia."
Nobody believed this was going to be possible.
And here is Minister Correa, minister of environment,
and we are basically already reached 130 million trees
in the midst of a epidemic.
And we're going to get to the 180 million
before the end of the year.
And these are just elements to say that we can contribute
to climate and that if a country that like Colombia does it,
the countries that have contributed the most
to this climate crisis must do the same.
Now, the second thing that I want to highlight is conflict
because conflict generates migration,
massive migration, refugees.
What we're seeing now in the border countries of Ukraine,
And we in Colombia decided three years and a half ago
to embrace 1.8 million Venezuelan citizens
and we grant them a temporary protection status for 10 years
so that they could have all the rights
that a Columbian citizen has,
maybe with the exception of the political rights of voting,
I remember, a lot of people told me,
"This is so unpopular, Mr. President."
and I don't care about popularity
when it comes to attend those in need.
So today we are helping the border zones countries
with Ukraine on migration management.
And this is a demonstration that if a country
that is not rich is able to put fraternity to deal
with these kind of conflicts,
countries that have more resources should do the same.
And last, and I'm sorry that I took to long, Mark, on COVID.
And I remember that I talked with Kristalina.
And I love her a lot because because Kristalina
could have taken the position of being conservative and say,
you have to put your fiscal policy beforehand.
And all she said was, you have to spend smartly.
And we duplicated the ICUs,
we got 83% of the population immunized,
we created a social safety net
that passed from 3 million households
to 10 million households.
And this has allowed the economy to recover at a point
where we reach our highest growth last year
and the best growth in a first trimester in 2022.
So I'll finish by saying this,
those three elements are going to be present,
but for the future, climate,
we need the new generations to embrace the fight
against climate change as an ethical,
moral, and principles challenge.
When it comes to deal with conflict,
I think we have to deescalate society
in the way that we are seeing each other as adversaries.
And I have something to say,
we have to change the pattern of those aggressions
in social media, because it's really damaging society,
not that the social media is the cause,
but it accelerates the conflict
and we need to have that discussion
without thinking that that is trying
We have to think seriously about that.
And last but not least, on COVID,
I think solidarity is the lesson that we have to take.
Many countries closed their borders,
many countries protected themselves,
but we need to see this as a solidarity world issue.
President Duque, before we go back to Yo-Yo,
you used a word and you kind of flew by it very fast,
but I think it's something very important to you,
and I've kind of thought we should at least come back
and talk about fraternity.
And I know that the Pope also made comments
about the people of Columbia
and how they've operated as a fraternity.
And I think this is very much inspired by your leadership.
And I know you don't like to directly address that,
but tell us your vision for fraternity.
And maybe you could tell it to us,
your vision for fraternity, for the people of Columbia,
but maybe you could tell us your vision
for fraternity for the people of the world.
Well, I can't refer to this, Mark,
without referring to the moral cause that we embrace
with the Venezuelan citizens because my father
and my mother used to tell us at home the difference
between charity and generosity.
So charity is sometimes when you give things
that you don't need maybe, or that you can have it at hand,
they don't represent a big giveaway,
but generosity is to give away things that are meaningful
to improve the life of others.
And I had an uncle who passed away who in the 20th century,
moved to Venezuela when Colombia
was facing very complicated situations,
and he was received with open arms.
And then when he saw this crisis emerging,
I just thought we and Venezuela
are not just bordering countries, we are Siamese brothers.
Our constitution was born the same day,
our heroes of independence came from Venezuela,
Bolívar, who the father of the country,
And these people are suffering.
And I saw that in the world,
there's a xenophobic approach in some places
or an indifference approach in some other places.
So we said, we're going to bring them here,
we're going to open this opportunities,
and that's how the TPS was born.
But then the anecdote that you refer
is that when I was going to make the TPS decision,
which was maybe the most unpopular decision ever done
by a president in Latin American
when it comes to receive 4% of your population
I remember that I called the Archbishop of Bogota
and announced the Vatican representative for breakfast.
So I told them what I was going to do that day.
And so they said, "God bless you."
And I said, "Well, there's no free breakfast,
this is not just for the blessing that I'm calling you."
I said, "There has to be something that gets
to people's hearts and minds
that doesn't come from the state."
And the holy father had just issued Fratelli Tuti,
So I tell him, this is the incarnation of that encyclical,
and I don't want him to praise me nor the government,
but I want him to praise the Colombian people.
And this is what I want to finish
with this very nice anecdote.
The Pope came on Sunday, mass at St. Peter's Plaza,
and he gave this message of thank you
And I have to say that today,
there's nobody in the political spectrum of Columbia
that can go against the TPS for the Venezuelans,
but most importantly, the Colombian families,
the majors and the governors
have embraced this as a moral cause.
So if I had to take up popularity for this,
God bless it.
(audience claps)
Well, I think we kind of now
have kind of found the short term,
but now we're looking for the long term.
So maybe we could go out to 2030,
maybe we could go out a little farther,
maybe we think about the world as it's changing,
the world is clearly changing,
maybe another pandemic will have already happened,
maybe we will not have gone through this financial crisis,
maybe in another financial crisis itself
maybe the technology that we're using today
will have already been leapfrogged by other things
So it's hard sometimes to go out into the future,
to look at where we're going to be,
and we're thinking of course, about our planet
and will it be much hotter?
Will we have started to become net zero?
Are we going to go into the 1.5 degree goal
or will we hit 2 degrees or will it go farther?
Will we be talking about what's happening
with the melting permafrost and the discoveries
of what happens when we let the world's biome
start to emit into the atmosphere itself?
You have amazing opportunity, Yo-Yo,
to see so much of the future.
Can you give us your insight,
give us your view of where we'll be in 2030 and beyond.
So Mark, I think there's no question
that we're going through a lot of fractures right now
In my travels, actually I've been going around the world,
not going to major cities,
and just to a lot of local communities
over the last four years.
And one of the things that I've noticed
is that in almost all local communities,
there is a level of trust that goes on
that we do not necessarily experience
in the larger cosmopolitan world.
And so I know that Professor Schwab talks a lot
about one of the values we were discussing, which is trust.
But he talks about it in terms of the scaffolding of trust.
We could apply the scaffolding of trust
of how we rebuild locally.
And that's one of the things I think Salesforce does.
You build a community based on local communities
into a framework that actually is trustworthy.
So you can't do it in five years.
If we have to rebuild with a stronger network
with truth and service as part of the values,
we're going for mutual truth, prismatic truth,
and that we allow for those truths to be part
of what we know is desirable in nature, which is diversity.
is not about let's keep the other out,
it's about figuring out what the other knows,
what Columbia knows and does and contributes,
what Puerto Rico might know and contributes,
what the inner city knows and can contribute.
So if we can rebuild stronger,
it's about connecting all the local communities
and because that's where the trust is there,
but we do have to have some kind of common agreement
on what truth is and the reason we can be happy
and thrive is because, according to Kristalina,
actually it's President Duque,
it's the difference between charity and generosity,
it's putting the head, heart, hands back together
into what makes us happy.
So the happiest countries are the ones
that are not the most arrogant,
they're the ones that actually have logum, you know,
they practice a certain kind of brotherhood, sisterhood,
and they know things that we could learn from.
You all know things that the rest of us can learn from.
And it's that kind of reaching out to what you don't know
and then receiving that new knowledge,
incorporating it into what actually makes life better.
And it's not just about goods as Will.i.am would say,
it's about actually caring for a young person.
When people used to grow up saying,
you take care of your neighbor's children,
because you see them do something,
you kind of say, come on, come on in,
you're going to get into trouble.
We don't do that anymore because we're too busy.
And also the trust factors are there, so we lock our doors.
that actually allows us to unlock our doors
and let your neighbor's children come in the house.
Thank you very much Yo-Yo.
So Will, you've talked a lot about that
and you understand trust very well
and you'll understand local communities very well
and inclusion and you understand fraternity very well.
And in fact, many of the things that Kristalina spoke about
are things that you speak about as well.
So how are you bringing all that together?
You know, in 2030, well, let's go out a few years now,
eight years, where are we going to be,
and are we all sitting in this dome?
We still have the conference going on?
Where are we and how do we come together?
And how do we heal these fractures?
I like to look at myself as an optimist
and you have a lot a lot of investment in smarter machines,
autonomous vehicles, and that's awesome,
but 2030, there's no Uber drivers,
that inner city kids get impacted hardcore with that,
there's no bus drivers, there's no truck drivers,
there's no delivery drivers with an autonomous fleet.
And although that's great,
it's going to shake up a lot of stuff,
because at the same time that we're investing
to make vehicles smarter, autonomous,
we're not upskilling and re-skilling
at the same level of investment.
So I don't know how to look at that optimistically.
There's going to be some friction in 2030.
That being said, there's going to be some new jobs,
industries that we can't even imagine 2030.
Like here we are 2022, in 2002, you couldn't imagine Uber,
you couldn't even imagine Airbnb.
The companies that are big right now
are the things that our parents told us not to do.
They said, don't get in car with strangers,
that's a freaking business now,
they said don't go on nobody's house, that's a business now,
they said don't take food from strangers,
that's freaking a business now.
So we can't even imagine the stuff
that's coming 2030, 2040.
New industries will pop up.
Where are they going to come from?
Hopefully they come from inner city.
Hopefully they come from developing countries.
So they're given the skillsets today
to solve the problems themselves
and solving those problems are new industries.
So I'm optimistic from that perspective
that the folks that are going to solve the problems
and the communities that they come from
are the folks that live in the communities
Because it's not like we're solving the issue
with who's training the data right now.
So that means when these machines are in inner cities
and we're not riding the algorithms,
that we're going to have friction between machine and people.
So, yeah, we got to get inner city kids
in and around computer science, algorithm writing,
data training, and we got to encourage them fast.
And we have to compete with the NFL and the NBA.
Back to the first statement,
if there's a football field in every school,
there should be a robotics program in every school.
There needs to be a computer science program
'cause that's how you're going to bridge that digital divide,
the data bias, is when folks understand the complexities
and the configuration of these machines.
So 2030 it's going to be pretty gnarly, you know?
It's going to be a gnarly decade, 30 to 40.
It's only eight years from now to 2030,
and that's two presidential elections,
that's an Olympics or two, that's a leap year or two,
it's like right around the corner, 2030, you know?
So let's look at just 10 years ago,
the iPhone and Android wars, the iOS,
the platform wars, that was new.
iPhone and businesses that were on top of iPhone
and iOS and Android, that changed the world.
So we could really change it to an awesome, awesome place
if we really practice that concept of diversity
Diversity inclusion does not mean people of color work
for big companies, diversity inclusion
is people of color have big assignment companies.
I can't wait for it because I want to see it play out,
I want to help contribute and inspire inner city kids
to include themselves and compete, you know?
In 2008, thank you so much, Mark, for every year,
helping out the foundation,
we started off with 65 students
in the ghetto that I come from.
And the whole premise was to get kids
from my community to go to college with the skill set
so that when they graduate,
they could fill jobs that are waiting for them
Now we serve 11,000 students in LA.
And we need to do more, you know?
And I come from an all Mexican neighborhood.
The majority of the kids in my program are solo Latino.
And Black Eyed Peas, we took eight years off
And when everyone thought the Black Eyed Peas
could not have success as a trio,
'cause they're used to the quartet,
we had our success in the Latin community
because of a guy by the name of J Balvin from Columbia
and Columbia is our biggest market now.
You all didn't even know it.
So in 2030, we making Indian music.
All right, Kristalina, here we go.
You're can pull the energy even farther forward for us.
Okay, so Will, you would love this story
about the speed of change.
As a good grandmother, I'm telling my granddaughter how,
when I was her age, there was no TV,
She looks up at me and says,
I mean, 2030 is indeed around the corner
and I have good news and I have not so good news.
The good news is like, Will, we are incredibly creative.
Look at the pandemic in short period of time,
our scientists came up with vaccines,
and as a result of that, we are here.
There would be more innovations
that solve problems of global nature.
And that is very exciting.
We also have something that maybe
is the most important lesson I learned in my life,
majority of people are good people, not perfect, but good.
It is a minority of angry, hateful, evil people.
Unfortunately, evil speaks very loudly
and goodness is very quiet.
you guys are in the innovation world,
in which we amplify this voice of goodness.
And we bring that back, this very basic thing,
majority of people are good people.
Now I also know that we are good in learning lessons
We learned the lesson from the global financial crisis
to regulate the banking system.
We are now learning lessons from this crisis
of the importance of social safety nets.
So when a shock comes, there could be protection
and you actually did extremely well
in Colombia in that regard,
we are learning that we cannot let the digital currency
crypto, stablecoin world to develop as wild wild west.
And I guarantee you, there would be action by 2030
that would be much more regulated and safer for everybody.
And only for those who want to invest in risky assets,
that would be the corner of riskiness.
You know, please be my guest, go there.
Eyes open, you know what to expect.
Well first, we have taken decisions
and we have put them in motion
that are going to make parts of our planet,
hopefully not big parts, unlivable.
There are already red spots.
And I really beg you to think
how today we take action to minimize these spots,
but also to care about the communities
that end up living there and have to move,
some already have to move.
These decisions, unfortunately, are not quite reversible.
We can do better, but we cannot stop the damage we have
Not so good news, we are a more, I mean,
diversity is great, but the multi-polar world makes it
so much more difficult to come together
and make decisions and then implement them together.
My institution has 190 countries as members.
And I think, yes, our mandate is macroeconomic
and financial stability, we are good at what we do,
but even more important mission for us
is to keep this 190 countries together
to make decisions together.
And how we work, how the business community,
the global companies, the global institutions,
how we make the world of tomorrow, the nerdy thirties,
how we make the nerdy thirties a good time for everybody
actually would depend on can we work together?
"Either we hang together or we hang."
Local and global communities,
and trust, and healing their fractures,
and also realizing we have a refugee crisis
that remains dramatically underway, it's very significant.
And how do we operate in that way in a multicolor world?
Thank you for bringing that forward for us.
Okay, President Duque, now is your opportunity
to bring it all together.
Well, I can say, Mark, this has been very inspiring for me
and I thinking about the future and I thought, well,
I could have something to say about the future of technology
or the future of the fight against climate change,
but I'm going to make a reference
on something that we don't regularly talk about,
and it's about the future of democracy,
because why is it that we see
so many good entrepreneurs here
from different countries that have been able
to build these amazing companies and to compete,
and to have consumers, to have the liberty to choose,
it's because we have moved for a more democratic world
and we know that liberty of enterprise,
liberty to choose liberty of expression, liberty of press,
are all values that have been built
because democracy's there.
But I think that what happens with democracy
is the same thing that happens with health,
when you have it, you take it for granted,
when you lose it, you cry to claim it back.
And I think today we are seeing threats to democracy
and I think Moisés Naím has described it very well
in his latest book when he talks
about the 3P autocrats that use post-truth,
polarization, and populism.
And it happens that those three combined
can use democracy to access to power
and then they turn democracy into a dictocracy
and then into a dictatorship,
or they can brutalize a country without letting people know
that what was their latest objective they had.
The situation we're seeing in Ukraine
has been triggered by an autocrat
and many of the crisis we see now
in the world come from there.
So I see this decade should be the decade
where the private sector,
where the employees in a fraternal way,
employers and employees, we all raise our voice
to defend the values of democracy.
Because I think the autocrats within their own territory,
control the social media,
control what's out, control how people think,
and they repress, they are laughing to see
that some of our democracies are getting weakened
because people are hating each other, blasting each other,
and it seems like truth is no longer important.
So I think this decade, we all have to concentrate
that in order to keep technology running,
in order to keep the entrepreneurs,
the unicorns keep on transforming,
we have to protect the environment and the environment
for those companies to succeed is democracy.
So when I look at 2030, great to see all the results
that I am optimistic that we will achieve on climate change
and also on technological inclusion,
but if we don't defend democracy, maybe we can lose it all.
as the decade of consolidation of democracy and at least,
and you asked me about what do I want to do next in life?
I also want to be an activist and a preacher
of protecting democracies
so that all these that we're sharing that we feel proud of,
doesn't go to where it doesn't have to go,
that this contributes to have a more inclusive society
and I think that debate about democracy is as important
as the future of technology, the future of education,
and I know, Mark, that you are sensible to this,
when we see leaders like you from the private sector
putting attention to this, you to make this happen.
Everybody gathering talking about this common causes.
Thank you President.
(audience claps)
Well, you can see, we have an incredible group
of people here who reminded us of trust,
they reminded us of the importance of integration
and integrity, they reminded us of the importance
of moving to not only from being an individual,
but to equality, and reminding us about the importance
of fraternity and democracy and sustainability.
We think about an evolution of the values
that we've been living as a society.
One of the things that I look forward to in this panel
every year is that it's more freestyle
and it doesn't come with a theme,
it doesn't come with a topic, it's not on the agenda
with a specific part of the system,
it's not one of the different systems
that are being evangelized
as it just evokes a different kind of spirit.
And I just want to thank the four of you for, once again,
bringing that joy to us and this enlightenment as well
and giving us a hope and inspiration for the coming days.